Over the past few years, Syria has faced several challenges, due to its geographic location, the problematic nature of the ruling family system, and other factors related to the Western perspective on Syria's position in regional relations. This comes at a time when the region has been witnessing transformations since the beginning of the current millennium, reshaping the political map. The conflict in Syria began in 2011 and has had profoundly negative repercussions, including human losses, material losses, displacement, asylum, and societal division. The losses have yet to be accurately quantified, but they resulted in a weakened Syria emerging from the rule of the Assad family in 2024.
At the same time, the region had witnessed regional and international polarization. On one side was the Western coalition, supported by regional allies, including the Gulf states, Egypt, and Turkey, along with a number of local actors within Syria. On the other side lay Russia, along with Iran, and a number of local actors, alongside the Syrian political regime prior to the change in 2024. The political change removed the Syrian regime and placed it in an intermediate phase, in which it is currently closer to the West.
The events in Syria have ultimately damaged the alliances Iran had established over several previous decades, exploiting the repercussions of American policy and the vacuum in the Arab region. The countries most affected by these events, after Iran, were Lebanon and the Palestinian cause.