The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is a very complex conflict. It involves many regional and international parties that played an influential role in shaping its path. The roots of the conflict go back to the beginning of the nineties after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the acquisition of independence by Armenia and Azerbaijan. The two countries entered into a war between the years (1992-1994), and a ceasefire was concluded after negotiations conducted by the Minsk group responsible for managing the conflict. However, that conflict did not end, but was only frozen, as clashes between the two parties to the conflict renewed from time to time, as in 2016, and more severely in 2020, which ended with Russian mediation and with limited gains for Azerbaijan.
The war between the two parties was renewed in 2022, until Russia was able to mediate to stop the fighting. Then there were clashes in 2023, when Azerbaijan began a military offensive against the self-declared separatist Artsakh. The attack took place in the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region, which is internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan and inhabited by Armenians, but an agreement was reached on a complete cessation of hostilities in the region. Mediated by the Russian peacekeeping command.