In this research, we addressed the importance of One of the most important principles of international humanitarian law is the protection of civilians and the defense of their rights in times of peace and war, including refugees who are forced by circumstances to leave their regions or countries in search of safety and a comfortable life, considering that international humanitarian law is one of the branches of public international law, as this international protection derives its legal framework from the texts of international agreements and declarations, as well as international law and general principles of law.
From this important standpoint came the idea of our research, in which we addressed the importance of the refugee issue in the contemporary international community and its impact on international peace and security, as well as the importance of the role played by international organizations, especially the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, in providing international legal protection for them through humanitarian assistance to millions of people, whether they are refugees or internally displaced persons within their countries, as a result of the noticeable increase in the number of refugees in the world, especially in the Middle East region, of which Iraq is a part, due to the large number of conflicts and wars, and the serious human rights violations that accompanied them.