Childhood is considered a very sensitive stage in the life of the individual, as he is going through psychological, social and environmental conditions that may be the cause of his deviation and departure from the right path and correct behavior and make him a delinquent juvenile this phenomenon that has escalated in recent times in a manner that called the alarm due to its negative aspects on the system Moral values on the one hand, and on the family and society on the other hand. Whereas the delinquent juvenile is a weak human creature of a special nature, he must be treated in a treatment commensurate with his age group, away from the traditional procedures that do not care in which the requirements of his age and personality are taken into account. The matter that the Algerian legislator consecrated through Law 12/15 related to the protection of the child, which carried with it a set of guarantees and mechanisms that are considered as a legal fence to protect juveniles in general.We have tried, through this research paper, to address the most important judicial and social mechanisms that came in the provisions of the Child Protection Law and their effectiveness in devoting adequate protection to delinquent children. The study concluded that the Algerian legislator with this law has taken an important step in the field of ensuring a fair trial and promoting effective protection for the child. The delinquent, especially in the pursuit of refining, reforming and correcting behavior instead of punishing him.